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The Legitimacy of Bastards

The Place of Illegitimate Children in Later Medieval England

Helen Matthews
Many members of England’s medieval nobility and gentry had illegitimate offspring, who were legally prohibited from inheriting real property. However, this study reveals that social attitudes towards bastards were complex, with important differences between canon and common law, so that parents could find various ways to distribute their property as they wished and to provide opportunities for such children.
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Product information:
  • Publisher: Pen & Sword
  • Year: 2019
  • Format: Paperback
  • Pages: 246pp
  • Illustrated: Yes
  • Dimensions: 232x155mm
  • ISBN: 9781526757623
  • Condition: New
  • Weight: 0.4kg
Product code:
537397
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Full publisher description
For the nobility and gentry in later medieval England, land was a source of wealth and status. Their marriages were arranged with this in mind, and it is not surprising that so many of them had mistresses and illegitimate children. John de Warenne, earl of Surrey, married at the age of twenty to a ten-year-old granddaughter of Edward I, had at least eight bastards and a complicated love life.

In theory, bastards were at a considerable disadvantage. Regarded as filius nullius' or the son of no one, they were unable to inherit real property and barred from the priesthood. In practice, illegitimacy could be less of a stigma in late medieval England than it became between the sixteenth and late twentieth centuries. There were ways of making provision for illegitimate offspring and some bastards did extremely well: in the church; through marriage; as soldiers; a few even succeeding to the family estates.

The Legitimacy of Bastards is the first book to consider the individuals who had illegitimate children, the ways in which they provided for them and attitudes towards both the parents and the bastard children. It also highlights important differences between the views of illegitimacy taken by the Church and by the English law.
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